When you write an opinion, an academic essay, or another article that shows both sides of a problem, it involves including an argument. A thesis is proposed, and then evidence is proposed that indicates that the thesis is true. A counter-argument is essentially the argument or view of a subject on the other side. This thesis limits the scope of the argument by specifying not only what the objective of a national pollution control campaign should be, but also why it is the appropriate objective. 1. Litter: This sounds like a simple argument for being against litter, but many can also use the counter-argument that litter leads to job creation. People are paid to get rid of garbage. Litter, of course, can also be considered harmful to the environment. There are several reasons why this statement is too broad to argue.
First, what is included in the ”drugs” category? Is the author talking about illicit drug use, recreational drug use (which may include alcohol and cigarettes), or all drug uses in general? Second, how are drugs harmful? Does drug use cause deaths (and does the author equate overdose deaths with drug-related violence deaths)? Does drug use change the moral climate or lead to a decline in the economy? Finally, what does the author mean by ”society”? Is the author referring only to America or to the world`s population? Does the author distinguish between effects on children and adults? There are simply too many questions that the claim leaves open. The author has not been able to cover all the topics listed above, but the universality of the claim leaves all these possibilities open to debate. Respectfully acknowledge evidence or views that differ from your reasoning. Claims generally fall into one of four categories. If you`re thinking about how you want to approach your topic, or in other words, what kind of claim you want to make, you can focus your thesis on a specific aspect of your broader topic. While the scope of your article may seem overwhelming at first, the narrower the thesis, the more effective your reasoning will generally be. Your thesis or claim must be supported by evidence. The broader your claim, the more evidence you need to convince readers that your position is correct. This thesis limits the scope of the argument by specifying not only the amount of money used, but also how the money could actually contribute to pollution control. Inserting a counter-argument paragraph when writing an argumentative article will show your reader that you know and understand that other positions exist, that you have taken them into account, and that you can answer them. This gives you credibility and can strengthen your own reasoning. This is an example of a controversial thesis because reasonable people might disagree with it.
Some people may think that this is how we should spend the nation`s money. Others may think that we should spend more money on education. Still others might argue that businesses, not the government, should pay to limit pollution. This thesis is not debatable. First of all, the word pollution implies that something is bad or negative in one way or another. In addition, all studies agree that pollution is a problem; They simply do not agree on the impact it will have or the magnitude of the problem. No one could reasonably argue that pollution is clearly good. 2. Bullying is often seen as a natural part of society and if a person is bullied, the abuser should be punished. Without interference, it becomes a cycle, bad for the victim and the tyrant who feels powerful and sometimes ashamed in retrospect.
One counter-argument is to present evidence that the focus should be on prevention rather than continuing the cycle: intimidation and then punishment. These OWL resources will help you develop and refine arguments in your writing. We could reduce any contested thesis from the previous examples as follows: A counter-argument is something that must be considered against the thesis or part of the reason behind the thesis. Using a counter-argument is an effective method for testing content ideas when writing, reviewing, and editing the essay. The finished essay may then contain a convincing tactic that will often disarm the reader. When using a counter-argument, common sense prevails. Any objection does not need to be argued against it, and do not include it just to include it. However, imagine different points of view, whether it`s someone else`s or your own opposition to the argument. Using counter-arguments will sharpen your own thinking when you write the sentence against it. Harvey, G. (1999).
Counterargument. Extract from writingcenter.fas.harvard.edu/pages/counter-Argument B. Write your own counter-argument, concession, and rebuttal for each thesis statement. When counter-arguments are taken into account, some authors discover that their own views change, resulting in an essay or article being written from the page they were originally opposed to. This is one of the most important reasons to think about counter-arguments. Factual claims or definition: These statements discuss what the definition of something is or whether something is a fixed fact. For example, your paragraph would then continue your rebuttal by explaining more reasons why the counter-argument is weak. It also serves to explain why your initial argument is strong. This is a good opportunity to prove to your readers that your original argument is the most valid and convince them to agree with you. What kind of claim is appropriate for your argument? The type of thesis or claim you use for your argument depends on your position and knowledge of the topic, your audience, and the context of your article. You may want to think about where you imagine your audience on this topic and determine where you think the biggest difference might be in the views.
Even if you start with one type of claim, you`ll likely use several in the document. Regardless of the type of claim you use, it is important to identify the controversy or debate you are addressing and define your position at the beginning of the document. An argumentative or persuasive writing must begin with a dubious thesis or statement. In other words, the thesis must be something about which people could reasonably have different opinions. If your thesis is something that is generally accepted or accepted as fact, then there is no reason to try to convince people. Refute the position of opposing arguments and generally use words like ”although” or ”however.” In this way, the author seems to be a person who is more interested in dealing with the difficulties entangled in the argument and not simply rejecting them. The author is more interested in discovering the truth than in earning a point. The counter-argument is not a competition or a game to defeat the other party. With each argument or position, there are alternative or opposite positions. These opposing positions are called counter-arguments. Think of it this way: if my argument is that dogs are better pets than cats because they are more social, but you argue that cats are better pets because they are more autonomous, your position is a counter-argument to my position.
Can be placed in the introductory paragraph to create a contrast for the thesis. Remember that you need to do more than just identify an opposite position. When you write your counter-argument paragraph, you must respond to this other position. In your paragraph: A. Review these following statements with a partner. Is everyone questionable? Value Claims: These are statements made about what something is worth, whether we like it or not, how we would evaluate or categorize something. Example: 3. A child can plead in favor of a dog.
Parents remind the child that his sister is allergic to dogs. The boy uses the counter-argument that she was with dogs without any problems. He is ready for any argument against the dog and can say that there are hypoallergenic breeds of dogs. He may also argue that a dog will strengthen the sister`s tolerance. Check out introductions and titles to learn more about writing questionable theses and paragraphs ~ Develop support to learn more about developing your argument. Some students worry that using a counter-argument will take away from their overall argument, but a counter-argument can make an essay more convincing because it shows that the author has taken into account several sides of the problem. Barnet and Bedau (2005) suggest that critical thinking is improved by presenting both sides of an argument. Ultimately, an argument is reinforced by a counter-argument. The doubts of skeptical readers can be avoided and their objections avoided. The author appears to be someone who has clearly considered the topic and weighs all sides of a problem or argument before choosing one of the pages for or against which they want to argue.
Activity ~ Practice with counter-arguments, concessions, and rebuttals A strong argument essay would not only be complete with your reasons for supporting your position. You should also add a counter-argument that shows your readers that you have carefully researched and considered both sides of your topic. .